tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6952149509707584652024-03-13T12:04:56.718-07:00Mohawk Native AmericansRobin Davishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08628646099289779881noreply@blogger.comBlogger1125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-695214950970758465.post-61368412025699588662010-09-01T18:02:00.000-07:002010-10-03T20:28:22.221-07:00Mohawk Native Americans<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhe9sX97b8lfe8Ra_5nfbOHDe-DxKsFRU5FkSKtjdm747uiiDgIfYNPcFge2qUbrcyGsiEzlVCF1nakuHHBJcN7hXrgOn6AMYTmMwhR7U0Uto2KvkoEYy_sRWE2QLS6e1aPd6oLDr7rtMQ/s1600/New+York+Map.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="278" px="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhe9sX97b8lfe8Ra_5nfbOHDe-DxKsFRU5FkSKtjdm747uiiDgIfYNPcFge2qUbrcyGsiEzlVCF1nakuHHBJcN7hXrgOn6AMYTmMwhR7U0Uto2KvkoEYy_sRWE2QLS6e1aPd6oLDr7rtMQ/s320/New+York+Map.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><strong>Mohawks in New York</strong></div><strong> </strong><br />
Mohawk (Kanienkeh, Kanienkehaka Kanien’Kahake, or Kahnawake (meaning "People of the Flint") are an <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Iroquoian" title="Iroquoian"><span style="color: #0645ad;">Iroquoian</span></a>-speaking <a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas"><span style="color: #0645ad;">indigenous people</span></a> of <a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/North_America" title="North America"><span style="color: #0645ad;">North America</span></a> originally from the <a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Mohawk_Valley" title="Mohawk Valley"><span style="color: #0645ad;">Mohawk Valley</span></a> in upstate <a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/New_York" title="New York"><span style="color: #0645ad;">New York</span></a>. Their territory ranged to present-day southern <a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec"><span style="color: #0645ad;">Quebec</span></a> and eastern <a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario"><span style="color: #0645ad;">Ontario</span></a>. Their current settlements include areas around <a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Lake_Ontario" title="Lake Ontario"><span style="color: #0645ad;">Lake Ontario</span></a> and the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/St_Lawrence_River" title="St Lawrence River"><span style="color: #0645ad;">St Lawrence River</span></a> in <a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><span style="color: #0645ad;">Canada</span></a>. Their traditional homeland stretched southward of the <a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Mohawk_River" title="Mohawk River"><span style="color: #0645ad;">Mohawk River</span></a>, eastward to the <a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Green_Mountains" title="Green Mountains"><span style="color: #0645ad;">Green Mountains</span></a> of <a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont"><span style="color: #0645ad;">Vermont</span></a>, westward to the border with the <a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Oneida_tribe" title="Oneida tribe"><span style="color: #0645ad;">Oneida Nation</span></a> traditional homeland territory, and northward to the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/St_Lawrence_River" title="St Lawrence River"><span style="color: #0645ad;">St Lawrence River</span></a>. As original members of the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Iroquois_League" title="Iroquois League"><span style="color: #0645ad;">Iroquois League</span></a>, or <i>Haudenosaunee</i>, the Mohawk were known as the "Keepers of the Eastern Door". For hundreds of years, they guarded the Iroquois Confederation against invasion from that direction by tribes from the New England and lower New York areas.<br />
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</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The Mohawk have only 3 clans, namely, the Bear, the Wolf, and the Turtle. The tribe is represented in the federal council by 9 chiefs of the rank of roianer (see <a href="http://www.blogger.com/history/indianchief.htm"><span style="color: #4b5d15;">Chiefs</span></a>), being 3 from every clan. These chiefships were known by specific names, which were conferred with the office.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><strong><br />
</strong></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><strong>Mohawk Chiefs</strong></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQCxZVbeaudONuGUkqr1KFtKcHQJkeVF8PtyEod91gmB_j1qbcAGy28UurtioCJdfhbPfhrunuf44w_KQHIirl8kr3N3sW9xho13u-ObuQGm0JzdfYHY5Z0xNiVIroBvnt4xMLC2W9Sik/s1600/Joseph+Brant+painting+by+George+Romney+1776.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" px="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQCxZVbeaudONuGUkqr1KFtKcHQJkeVF8PtyEod91gmB_j1qbcAGy28UurtioCJdfhbPfhrunuf44w_KQHIirl8kr3N3sW9xho13u-ObuQGm0JzdfYHY5Z0xNiVIroBvnt4xMLC2W9Sik/s320/Joseph+Brant+painting+by+George+Romney+1776.jpg" width="197" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><strong>Chief Joseph Brant</strong></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">In the revolutionary war, Chief Joseph Brant supported the British mainly due to his association with the Johnson family who were British officials. William Johnson married Joseph Brant's sister. For more information on Chief Joseph Brant, click <strong><a href="http://josephbrantchief.blogspot.com/">here</a>.</strong></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">In the following timeline of events of the Mohawk tribe, the importance of Chief Joseph Brant will be noted:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><strong><span style="font-size: large;">Timeline</span></strong></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 422px;"><tbody>
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<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><span class="timelinedate"><strong>1710 </strong></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>Four Mohawk chiefs visit Queen Anne of England. </b>They declare their allegiance to the British crown. </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><strong><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> </strong><span class="timelinedate"><strong>1722</strong> </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>The Tuscarora Nation joins </b>the Iroquois Confederacy making it a Six Nations Confederacy. </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><strong><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> </strong><span class="timelinedate"><strong>1742</strong> </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>Joseph Brant is born </b>on the banks of the Ohio River. </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><strong><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> </strong><span class="timelinedate"><strong>1768</strong> </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>November 5 - Treaty is signed at Fort Stanwix </b>by the Six Nations and the British. </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> <span class="timelinedate"><strong>1774</strong> </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>Sir William Johnson dies </b><br />
<br />
<b>Chief Joseph Brant joins Guy Johnson on a trip to England. </b>Joseph Brant is well received and returns home even more devoted to the British cause in North America. </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><strong><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> </strong><span class="timelinedate"><strong>1775 -1783</strong> </span></td></tr>
</tbody></table></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>The American Revolution </b>war between the British and the Americans for control of the colonies. </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><strong><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> </strong><span class="timelinedate"><strong>1777</strong> </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>August 6 - The Battle of Oriskany </b>Joseph Brant and his followers defeat an American militia army on its way to relieve the siege of Fort Stanwix. </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> <span class="timelinedate"><strong>1778</strong> </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>July 3 - Wyoming Massacre. </b>John Butler and Sayenqueraghta's Seneca warriors burn nearly 1000 houses and kill 227 rebels. </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> <span class="timelinedate"><strong>1779</strong> </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>The Americans destroy 41 native villages </b>and force them to flee to British Fort Niagara. The campaign was executed under the direction of General John Sullivan </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> <span class="timelinedate"><strong>1784</strong> </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>October 22 - Second treaty at Fort Stanwix </b>between the British and the Six Nations.<br />
<br />
<b>October 25 - Haldimand's Proclamation </b>awards the Six Nations a tract of land six miles wide on either side of the Grand River from its source to its mouth. </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> <span class="timelinedate"><strong>1785 -1787</strong> </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>Mohawk Village is built </b>on a bend of the Grand River </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> <span class="timelinedate"><strong>1794</strong> </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>The Jay Treaty </b>formalizes the border between the United States and Canada </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody>
<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> <span class="timelinedate"><strong>1799</strong> </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>Seneca chief, Sganyadaiyoh (Handsome Lake), has a series of visions </b>which yields the Gaiwiyo (The Good Message) urging the Iroquois to revert back to a more traditional way of life. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody>
<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> <span class="timelinedate"><strong>1807</strong> </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>Chief Joseph Brant dies </b>on November 24 at his home in Burlington, Ontario. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody>
<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> <span class="timelinedate"><strong>1812 - 1814 </strong></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>War of 1812. </b>Iroquois warriors in the Niagara region fight for the British. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody>
<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> <span class="timelinedate"><strong>1814</strong> </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>July 5 - Battle of Chippewa </b>, in which the American Six Nations, under Red Jacket, fight against the Canadian Six Nations and the British under Major Norton. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody>
<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><strong><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> </strong><span class="timelinedate"><strong>1830's</strong> </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>The Six Nations gives up </b>800 acres for the site of the town of Brantford, Ontario. </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> <span class="timelinedate"><strong>1834 -1842</strong> </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>Six Nations funds were invested </b>in the Grand River Navigation Company without the approval of the Six Nations. The investment was a total disaster and the money was lost. Part of the Six Nations funds was also used for the founding of McGill University and the University of Toronto. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody>
<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> <span class="timelinedate"><strong>1841</strong> </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>Six Nations surrender 20,000 acres </b>on a recommendation by Samuel Peter Jarvis, Chief Superintendent of Indian Affairs. </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> <span class="timelinedate"><strong>1876</strong> </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>Indian Act </b>goes against Iroquois tradition by emphasizing male lineage and suppressing traditional forms of native government in favor of a system of non-traditionally elected Band Councils. </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><strong><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> </strong><span class="timelinedate"><strong>1905</strong> </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>Province of Saskatchewan defined </b>The North West Territory provisional districts of Assinboia, Saskatchewan and Athabaska became known as the province of Saskatchewan. </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> <span class="timelinedate"><strong>1939 - 1945</strong> </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>Many Iroquois enlist to fight in WWII. </b></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> <span class="timelinedate"><strong>1942</strong> </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>The Six Nations declare war on the Axis powers, </b>asserting its right as an independent sovereign nation. </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> <span class="timelinedate"><strong>1957</strong> </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>A series of encroachments </b>on upstate New York reservation lands leads to increased militancy among the Iroquois tribes, including the Mohawk, the Tuscarora, and the Seneca. <br />
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<b>The Seneca learn that much of their land is about to be flooded </b>by the proposed Kinzua Dam. </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> <span class="timelinedate"><strong>1961 </strong></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>Kinzua Dam completed. </b>It causes the flooding of Seneca lands in New York and destroys the burial place of Cornplanter, a great Seneca leader. </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> <span class="timelinedate"><strong>1968</strong> </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>The Mohawk of the Akwesasne Reserve block the International Seaway Bridge </b>between Massena, N.Y. in the U.S. and Cornwall, ON, Canada to draw attention to the violation of the Jay Treaty of 1794 by the government of Canada. </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><strong><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> </strong><span class="timelinedate"><strong>1990</strong> </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>Mohawks protest the expansion </b>of a golf course on tribal burial lands near Oka, Quebec. </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td><img height="8" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="94" /></td></tr>
<tr><td background="../../graphics/box_time.gif"><img align="left" height="14" src="http://www.galafilm.com/chiefs/graphics/spacer.gif" width="10" /> <span class="timelinedate"><strong>2001</strong> </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><div class="timelinetext"><b>Roberta Jamieson is the first female chief </b>elected by the Six Nations. </div><div class="timelinetext"><br />
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<div align="left" class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div>Robin Davishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08628646099289779881noreply@blogger.com0